Bromoquinone flow battery

Do redox flow batteries use quinones?

For the last 5 years, there have been between 20 and 30 articles per year dedicated to the quinone flow battery. This review focusses on the last couple years of published work. Ideally, the redox flow battery utilizes quinones on both sides of the battery as shown in Figure 1.

Can anthraquinones be used in an acidic aqueous flow battery?

The use of anthraquinones in an acidic aqueous flow battery can dramatically reduce battery costs (6, 7); however, the use of bromine in the other half of the system precludes deployment in residential communities owing to toxicity concerns. Fig. 1 Cyclic voltammetry of electrolyte and cell schematic. (A) Schematic of cell in charge mode.

Can quinone-based flow batteries be adapted to alkaline solutions?

Dotted line represents CV of 1 M KOH background scanned at 100 mV/s on graphite foil electrode. We demonstrate that quinone-based flow batteries can be adapted to alkaline solutions, where hydroxylated anthraquinones are highly soluble and bromine can be replaced with the nontoxic ferricyanide ion (8, 9)—a food additive (10).

Are alkaline flow batteries safe?

We report an alkaline flow battery based on redox-active organic molecules that are composed entirely of Earth-abundant elements and are nontoxic, nonflammable, and safe for use in residential and commercial environments. The battery operates efficiently with high power density near room temperature.

What are the different types of flow batteries?

Flow battery design can be further classified into full flow, semi-flow, and membraneless. The fundamental difference between conventional and flow batteries is that energy is stored in the electrode material in conventional batteries, while in flow batteries it is stored in the electrolyte.

How do flow batteries work?

Flow batteries, in which the redox active components are held in tanks separate from the active part of the cell, offer a scalable route for storing large quantities of energy. A challenge for their large-scale development is to avoid formulations that depend on toxic transition metal ions.