Polysulfur high manganese flow battery

What is sulfur-manganese flow battery chemistry?

The new sulfur-manganese flow battery chemistry developed here uses low cost active materials that can enable long duration energy storage systems. As reported previously, the strongly alkaline conditions allow stable operation of the disulfide to tetrasulfide polysulfide chainlengths as well as the permanganate-manganate redox couple.

Can hybrid polysulfide-air redox flow batteries reduce sulfur crossover?

Here, we report a stable and cost-effective alkaline-based hybrid polysulfide-air redox flow battery where a dual-membrane-structured flow cell design mitigates the sulfur crossover issue.

Are polysulfide-air redox flow batteries cost-effective?

Polysulfide-air redox flow batteries are an appealing energy storage technology but suffer from polysulfide crossover and the use of costly catalysts. Here, the authors report a cell structure that enables battery operation using a cost-effective catalyst while mitigating polysulfide crossover.

What is a polysulfide-air redox flow battery (PSA RFB)?

In summary, we have demonstrated an all-alkaline polysulfide-air redox flow battery (PSA RFB) system, employing aqueous PSOR/PSRR and alkaline-based OER/ORR as the negative and positive redox couples, which is predicted to have an exceptionally low energy cost (~2.54 US$/kWh).

How much does a manganese battery cost?

Due to the low cost of both sulfur and manganese species, this system promises an ultralow electrolyte cost of $11.00 kWh –1 (based on achieved capacity). This work broadens the horizons of aqueous manganese-based batteries beyond metal–manganese chemistry and offers a practical route for low-cost and long-duration energy storage applications.

Is manganese SOC a parallel to coulomb-counting of battery electrolytes?

The manganese SOC, as determined ex situ with UV–vis, has parallels to the SOC estimated via coulomb-counting from battery electrolytes in operando: The SOC of battery solutions were tested after initial preparation, after 1 week of soaking, and after 3 weeks of soaking.